Publications | Iota Group

Subjective assessment versus ultrasound models to diagnose ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis . Meys EM, Kaijser J, Kruitwagen RF, Slangen BF, Van Calster B, Aertgeerts B, Verbakel JY, Timmerman D, Van Gorp T. Eur J Cancer. 2016 May;58:17-29. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.01.007. Epub 2016 Feb 27. Review. PMID: 26922169

Evaluating the risk of ovarian cancer before surgery using the ADNEX model: a multicentre external validation study.Sayasneh A, Ferrara L, De Cock B, Saso S, Al-Memar M, Johnson S, Kaijser J, Carvalho J, Husicka R, Smith A, Stalder C, Blanco MC, Ettore G, Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Br J Cancer. 2016 Aug 23;115(5):542-8. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2016.227. Epub 2016 Aug 2. PMID: 27482647

Predicting the risk of malignancy in adnexal masses based on the Simple Rules from the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis group.Timmerman D, Van Calster B, Testa A, Savelli L, Fischerova D, Froyman W, Wynants L, Van Holsbeke C, Epstein E, Franchi D, Kaijser J, Czekierdowski A, Guerriero S, Fruscio R, Leone FP, Rossi A, Landolfo C, Vergote I, Bourne T, Valentin L. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Apr;214(4):424-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.01.007. Epub 2016 Jan 19. PMID: 26800772

Refining Ovarian Cancer Test accuracy Scores (ROCkeTS): protocol for a prospective longitudinal test accuracy study to validate new risk scores in women with symptoms of suspected ovarian cancer.Sundar S, Rick C, Dowling F, Au P, Snell K, Rai N, Champaneria R, Stobart H, Neal R, Davenport C, Mallett S, Sutton A, Kehoe S, Timmerman D, Bourne T, Van Calster B, Gentry-Maharaj A, Menon U, Deeks J; ROCkeTS study group. BMJ Open. 2016 Aug 9;6(8):e010333. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010333 PMID: 27507231

Towards an evidence-based approach for diagnosis and management of adnexal masses: findings of the International Ovarian Tumour Analysis (IOTA) studies.Kaijser J.Facts Views Vis Obgyn. 2015;7(1):42-59

Accuracy of ultrasonography performed by examiners with varied training and experience in predicting specific pathology of adnexal masses.Sayasneh A, Kaijser J, Preisler J, Smith AA, Raslan F, Johnson S, Husicka R, Ferrara L, Stalder C, Ghaem-Maghami S, Timmerman D, Bourne T.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2015 May;45(5):605-12. doi: 10.1002/uog.14675. Epub 2015 Apr 6.

Automated characterisation of ultrasound images of ovarian tumours: the diagnostic accuracy of a support vector machine and image processing with a local binary pattern operator.Khazendar S, Sayasneh A, Al-Assam H, Du H, Kaijser J, Ferrara L, Timmerman D, Jassim S, Bourne T.Facts Views Vis Obgyn. 2015;7(1):7-15.

Practical guidance for applying the ADNEX model from the IOTA group to discriminate between different subtypes of adnexal tumors.Van Calster B, Van Hoorde K, Froyman W, Kaijser J, Wynants L, Landolfo C, Anthoulakis C,Vergote I, Bourne T, Timmerman D.Facts Views Vis Obgyn. 2015;7(1):32-41. Review.

The characteristic ultrasound features of specific types of ovarian pathology (review).Sayasneh A, Ekechi C, Ferrara L, Kaijser J, Stalder C, Sur S, Timmerman D, Bourne T.Int J Oncol. 2015 Feb;46(2):445-58. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2764. Epub 2014 Nov 18. Review.

Subjective ultrasound assessment, the ADNEX model and ultrasound guided tru-cut biopsy to differentiate disseminated primary ovarian cancer metastatic non-ovarian cancer.Epstein E, van Calster B, Timmerman D, Nikman S.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Apr 29. doi: 10.1002/uog.14892

Effect of cancer prevalence on the use of risk-assessment cut-off levels and the performance of mathematical models to distinguish malignant from benign adnexal masses.The characteristic ultrasound features of specific types of ovarian pathology (Review) Sayasneh A, Ekechi C, Ferrara L, Kaijser J, Stalder C, Sur S, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Int J Oncol. 2015 Feb;46(2):445-58. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2764. Epub 2014 Nov 18.

Assessing calibration of multinomial risk prediction models.Van Hoorde K, Vergouwe Y, Timmerman D, Van Huffel S, Steyerberg EW, Van Calster B. Stat Med. 2014 Jul 10;33(15):2585-96. doi: 10.1002/sim.6114. Epub 2014 Feb 18PMID24549725[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Presurgical diagnosis of adnexal tumours using mathematical models and scoring systems: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Kaijser J, Sayasneh A, Van Hoorde K, Ghaem-Maghami S, Bourne T, Timmerman D, Van Calster B. Hum Reprod Update. 2014 May-Jun;20(3):449-62. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmt059. Epub 2013 Dec 9. Review.

Preoperative HE4 and ROMA values do not improve the CA125 diagnostic value for borderline tumors of the ovary (BOT) - a study of the TOC Consortium.Braicu EI, Van Gorp T, Nassir M, Richter R, Chekerov R, Gasimli K, Timmerman D, Vergote I, Sehouli J. J Ovarian Res. 2014 May 7;7:49. doi: 10.1186/1757-2215-7-49. eCollection 2014.

Prognostic value of serum HE4 levels and risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm scores at the time of ovarian cancer diagnosis. Kaijser J, Van Belle V, Van Gorp T, Sayasneh A, Vergote I, Bourne T, Van Calster B, Timmerman D. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2014 Sep;24(7):1173-80. doi:

The accuracy of ultrasonography performed by examiners with varied training and experience to predict the specific pathology of adnexal masses. Sayasneh A, Kaijser J, Preisler J, Smith AA, Raslan F, Johnson S, Husicka R, Ferrara L, Stalder C, Ghaem-Maghami S, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Oct 1. doi: 10.1002/uog.14675. [Epub ahead of print]

Evaluating the risk of ovarian cancer before surgery using the ADNEX model to differentiate between benign, borderline, early and advanced stage invasive, and secondary metastatic tumours: prospective multicentre diagnostic study.Van Calster B, Van Hoorde K, Valentin L, Testa AC, Fischerova D, Van Holsbeke C, Savelli L, Franchi D, Epstein E, Kaijser J, Van Belle V, Czekierdowski A, Guerriero S, Fruscio R, Lanzani C, Scala F, Bourne T, Timmerman D; International Ovarian Tumour Analysis Group . BMJ. 2014 Oct 15;349:g5920. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g5920.

Imaging techniques for the pre-surgical diagnosis of adnexal tumours. Kaijser J, Vandecaveye V, Deroose CM, Rockall A, Thomassin-Naggara I, Bourne T, Timmerman D. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Apr 13. pii: S1521-6934(14)00057-1. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.03.013. [Epub ahead of print]

Imaging in gynecological disease (9): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of tubal cancer. Ludovisi M, De Blasis I, Virgilio B, Fischerova D, Franchi D, Pascual MA, Savelli L, Epstein E, Van Holsbeke C, Guerriero S, Czekierdowski A, Zannoni G, Scambia G, Jurkovic D, Rossi A, Timmerman D, Valentin L, Testa AC. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Mar;43(3):328-35. doi: 10.1002/uog.12570.

Are serum HE4 or ROMA scores useful to experienced examiners for improving characterization of adnexal masses after transvaginal ultrasonography? Kaijser J, Van Gorp T, Smet ME, Van Holsbeke C, Sayasneh A, Epstein E, Bourne T, Vergote I, Van Calster B, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Jan;43(1):89-97. doi: 10.1002/uog.12551. Epub 2013 Dec 4.

Simple dichotomous updating methods improved the validity of polytomous prediction models. Van Hoorde K, Vergouwe Y, Timmerman D, Van Huffel S, Steyerberg EW, Van Calster B. J Clin Epidemiol. 2013 Oct;66(10):1158-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.04.014. Epub 2013 Jul 9. PubMed PMID: 23849738.

Screening for data clustering in multicenter studies: the residual intraclass correlation. Wynants L, Timmerman D, Bourne T, Van Huffel S, Van Calster B. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2013 Oct 23;13:128. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-13-128. PubMed PMID: 24152372; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3819732.

Risk of malignancy in unilocular cysts: a study of 1148 adnexal masses classified as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound and review of the literature. Valentin L, Ameye L, Franchi D, Guerriero S, Jurkovic D, Savelli L, Fischerova D, Lissoni A, Van Holsbeke C, Fruscio R, Van Huffel S, Testa A, Timmerman D .Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jan;41(1):80-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.12308. Epub 2012 Dec 17. Review. PubMed PMID: 23001924.

Unilocular adnexal cysts with papillary projections but no other solid components: is there a diagnostic method that can classify them reliably as benign or malignant before surgery? Valentin L, Ameye L, Savelli L, Fruscio R, Leone FP, Czekierdowski A, Lissoni AA, Fischerova D, Guerriero S, Van Holsbeke C, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013 May;41(5):570-81. doi: 10.1002/uog.12294. Epub 2013 Apr 8. PubMed PMID: 22915541.

PET/CT in the staging of patients with a pelvic mass suspicious for ovarian cancer. Dauwen H, Van Calster B, Deroose CM, Op de Beeck K, Amant F, Neven P, Berteloot P, Leunen K, Timmerman D, Vergote I. Gynecol Oncol. 2013 Dec;131(3):694-700. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.08.020. Epub 2013 Aug 27.

Multicentre external validation of IOTA prediction models and RMI by operators with varied training. Sayasneh A, Wynants L, Preisler J, Kaijser J, Johnson S, Stalder C, Husicka R, Abdallah Y, Raslan F, Drought A, Smith AA, Ghaem-Maghami S, Epstein E, Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Br J Cancer. 2013 Jun 25;108(12):2448-54. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2013.224. Epub 2013 May 14.

Differentiating stage I epithelial ovarian cancer from benign disease in women with adnexal tumors using biomarkers or the ROMA algorithm. Kaijser J, Van Gorp T, Sayasneh A, Vergote I, Bourne T, Van Calster B, Timmerman D. Gynecol Oncol. 2013 Aug;130(2):398-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.472. Epub 2013 May 6.

A multicenter prospective external validation of the diagnostic performance of IOTA simple descriptors and rules to characterize ovarian masses. Sayasneh A, Kaijser J, Preisler J, Johnson S, Stalder C, Husicka R, Guha S, Naji O, Abdallah Y, Raslan F, Drought A, Smith AA, Fotopoulou C, Ghaem-Maghami S, Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Gynecol Oncol. 2013 Jul;130(1):140-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.003. Epub 2013 Apr 8.

A comparison between an ultrasound based prediction model (LR2) and the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) to assess the risk of malignancy in women with an adnexal mass. Kaijser J, Van Gorp T, Van Hoorde K, Van Holsbeke C, Sayasneh A, Vergote I, Bourne T, Timmerman D, Van Calster B. Gynecol Oncol. 2013 May;129(2):377-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.01.018. Epub 2013 Jan 27.

Evaluation of markers and risk prediction models: overview of relationships between NRI and decision-analytic measures. Van Calster B, Vickers AJ, Pencina MJ, Baker SG, Timmerman D, Steyerberg EW. Med Decis Making. 2013 May;33(4):490-501. doi: 10.1177/0272989X12470757. Epub 2013 Jan 11. Review.

Improving strategies for diagnosing ovarian cancer: a summary of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) studies. Kaijser J, Bourne T, Valentin L, Sayasneh A, Van Holsbeke C, Vergote I, Testa AC, Franchi D, Van Calster B, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jan;41(1):9-20. doi: 10.1002/uog.12323. Review.

Imaging in gynecological disease (8): ultrasound characteristics of recurrent borderline ovarian tumors. Franchi D, Boveri S, Fruscio R, Fischerova D, Guerriero S, Moruzzi MC, Colombo N, Timmerman D, Valentin L, Testa AC. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Apr;41(4):452-8. doi: 10.1002/uog.12276.

A mathematical model for interpretable clinical decision support with applications in gynecology. Van Belle VM, Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Bourne T, Bottomley C, Valentin L, Neven P, Van Huffel S, Suykens JA, Boyd S. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e34312. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034312. Epub 2012 Mar 29. PubMed PMID: 22479598; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3315538.

The independent effect of tumor size in predicting ovarian malignancy. Van Calster B, Wynants L, Kaijser J, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012 Jun;162(2):237-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.02.023. Epub 2012 Mar 20. PubMed PMID: 22436879.

Improved modeling of clinical data with kernel methods. Daemen A, Timmerman D, Van den Bosch T, Bottomley C, Kirk E, Van Holsbeke C, Valentin L, Bourne T, De Moor B.Artif Intell Med. 2012 Feb;54(2):103-14. doi: 10.1016/j.artmed.2011.11.001. Epub 2011 Nov 30. PubMed PMID: 22134094.

External validation of diagnostic models to estimate the risk of malignancy in adnexal masses. Van Holsbeke C, Van Calster B, Bourne T, Ajossa S, Testa AC, Guerriero S, Fruscio R, Lissoni AA, Czekierdowski A, Savelli L, Van Huffel S, Valentin L, Timmerman D. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Feb 1;18(3):815-25. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0879. Epub 2011 Nov 23. PubMed PMID: 22114135.

Extending the c-statistic to nominal polytomous outcomes: the Polytomous Discrimination Index. Van Calster B, Van Belle V, Vergouwe Y, Timmerman D, Van Huffel S, Steyerberg EW. Stat Med. 2012 Oct 15;31(23):2610-26. doi: 10.1002/sim.5321. Epub 2012 Jun 26. PubMed PMID: 22733650.

Clinically oriented three-step strategy for assessment of adnexal pathology. Ameye L, Timmerman D, Valentin L, Paladini D, Zhang J, Van Holsbeke C, Lissoni AA, Savelli L, Veldman J, Testa AC, Amant F, Van Huffel S, Bourne T. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Nov;40(5):582-91. doi: 10.1002/uog.11177. PubMed PMID: 22511559.

Assessing the discriminative ability of risk models for more than two outcome categories. Van Calster B, Vergouwe Y, Looman CW, Van Belle V, Timmerman D, Steyerberg EW. Eur J Epidemiol. 2012 Oct;27(10):761-70. doi: 10.1007/s10654-012-9733-3. Epub 2012 Oct 7.

Preoperative identification of a suspicious adnexal mass. Kaijser J, Sayasneh A, Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Gynecol Oncol. 2012 Oct;127(1):260-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.099. Epub 2012 Jul 20.

Lesion size affects diagnostic performance of IOTA logistic regression models, IOTA simple rules and risk of malignancy index in discriminating between benign and malignant adnexal masses. Di Legge A, Testa AC, Ameye L, Van Calster B, Lissoni AA, Leone FP, Savelli L, Franchi D, Czekierdowski A, Trio D, Van Holsbeke C, Ferrazzi E, Scambia G, Timmerman D, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Sep;40(3):345-54. doi: 10.1002/uog.11167. Epub 2012 Aug 7.

Do pocket-sized ultrasound machines have the potential to be used as a tool to triage patients in obstetrics and gynecology? Sayasneh A, Preisler J, Smith A, Saso S, Naji O, Abdallah Y, Stalder C, Daemen A, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Aug;40(2):145-50. doi: 10.1002/uog.11184.

Characterizing ovarian pathology: refining the performance of ultrasonography. Timmerman D, Bourne T, De Rijdt S, Kaijser J, Van Calster B. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012 May;22 Suppl 1:S9-11. doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e318251c9df.

Imaging in gynecological disease (7): clinical and ultrasound features of Brenner tumors of the ovary. Dierickx I, Valentin L, Van Holsbeke C, Jacomen G, Lissoni AA, Licameli A, Testa A, Bourne T, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Dec;40(6):706-13. doi: 10.1002/uog.11149. Epub 2012 Nov 8.

Triaging women with ovarian masses for surgery: observational diagnostic study to compare RCOG guidelines with an International Ovarian Tumour Analysis (IOTA) group protocol. Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Valentin L, McIndoe A, Ghaem-Maghami S, Testa AC, Vergote I, Bourne T. BJOG. 2012 May;119(6):662-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03297.x. Epub 2012 Mar 6.

Subjective assessment by ultrasound is superior to the risk of malignancy index (RMI) or the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) in discriminating benign from malignant adnexal masses. Van Gorp T, Veldman J, Van Calster B, Cadron I, Leunen K, Amant F, Timmerman D, Vergote I. Eur J Cancer. 2012 Jul;48(11):1649-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.12.003. Epub 2012 Jan 5.

A novel approach to predict the likelihood of specific ovarian tumor pathology based on serum CA-125: a multicenter observational study. Van Calster B, Valentin L, Van Holsbeke C, Zhang J, Jurkovic D, Lissoni AA, Testa AC, Czekierdowski A, Fischerová D, Domali E, Van de Putte G, Vergote I, Van Huffel S, Bourne T, Timmerman D. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Nov;20(11):2420-8. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0422. Epub 2011 Sep 9. PubMed PMID: 21908724.

Adnexal masses difficult to classify as benign or malignant using subjective assessment of gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound findings: logistic regression models do not help. Valentin L, Ameye L, Savelli L, Fruscio R, Leone FP, Czekierdowski A, Lissoni AA, Fischerova D, Guerriero S, Van Holsbeke C, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Oct;38(4):456-65. doi: 10.1002/uog.9030. Epub 2011 Sep 13. PubMed PMID: 21520475.

HE4 and CA125 as a diagnostic test in ovarian cancer: prospective validation of the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm. Van Gorp T, Cadron I, Despierre E, Daemen A, Leunen K, Amant F, Timmerman D, De Moor B, Vergote I. Br J Cancer. 2011 Mar 1;104(5):863-70. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606092. Epub 2011 Feb 8. PubMed PMID: 21304524; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3048204.

Effect of cancer prevalence on the use of risk-assessment cut-off levels and the performance of mathematical models to distinguish malignant from benign adnexal masses. Neven P, Rossi A, Bourne T, De Moor B, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Feb;37(2):226-31. doi: 10.1002/uog.8849. Epub 2011 Jan 14. PubMed PMID: 20878684.

Improving the preoperative classification of adnexal masses as benign or malignant by second-stage tests. Daemen A, Valentin L, Fruscio R, Van Holsbeke C, Melis GB, Guerriero S, Czekierdowski A, Jurkovic D, Ombelet W, Rossi A, Vergote I, Bourne T, De Moor B, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Jan;37(1):100-6. doi: 10.1002/uog.8813. PubMed PMID: 20814878.

Performance of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' ovarian tumor referral guidelines with a multivariate index assay. Timmerman D, Van Calster B, Vergote I, Van Hoorde K, Van Gorp T, Valentin L, Bourne T. Obstet Gynecol . 2011 Nov;118(5):1179-81; author reply 1181. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31823584db.

Ovarian cancer arising in endometrioid cysts: ultrasound findings. Testa AC, Timmerman D, Van Holsbeke C, Zannoni GF, Fransis S, Moerman P, Vellone V, Mascilini F, Licameli A, Ludovisi M, Di Legge A, Scambia G, Ferrandina G. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Jul;38(1):99-106. doi: 10.1002/uog.8970. Epub 2011 Jun 16.

Imaging of gynecological disease (6): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of ovarian dysgerminoma. Guerriero S, Testa AC, Timmerman D, Van Holsbeke C, Ajossa S, Fischerova D, Franchi D, Leone FP, Domali E, Alcazar JL, Parodo G, Mascilini F, Virgilio B, Demidov VN, Lipatenkova J, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 May;37(5):596-602. doi: 10.1002/uog.8958. Epub 2011 Apr 5.

Simple ultrasound rules to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal masses before surgery: prospective validation by IOTA group. Timmerman D, Ameye L, Fischerova D, Epstein E, Melis GB, Guerriero S, Van Holsbeke C, Savelli L, Fruscio R, Lissoni AA, Testa AC, Veldman J, Vergote I, Van Huffel S, Bourne T, Valentin L. BMJ. 2010 Dec 14;341:c6839. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c6839. PubMed PMID: 21156740; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3001703.

Polytomous diagnosis of ovarian tumors as benign, borderline, primary invasive or metastatic: development and validation of standard and kernel-based risk prediction models. Van Calster B, Valentin L, Van Holsbeke C, Testa AC, Bourne T, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2010 Oct 20;10:96. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-10-96. PubMed PMID: 20961457; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2988009.

Ultrasound experience substantially impacts on diagnostic performance and confidence when adnexal masses are classified using pattern recognition. Van Holsbeke C, Daemen A, Yazbek J, Holland TK, Bourne T, Mesens T, Lannoo L, Boes AS, Joos A, Van De Vijver A, Roggen N, de Moor B, de Jonge E, Testa AC, Valentin L, Jurkovic D, Timmerman D. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2010;69(3):160-8. doi: 10.1159/000265012. Epub 2009 Dec 11. PubMed PMID: 20016188.

Ovarian cancer prediction in adnexal masses using ultrasound-based logistic regression models: a temporal and external validation study by the IOTA group. Timmerman D, Van Calster B, Testa AC, Guerriero S, Fischerova D, Lissoni AA, Van Holsbeke C, Fruscio R, Czekierdowski A, Jurkovic D, Savelli L, Vergote I, Bourne T, Van Huffel S, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Aug;36(2):226-34. doi: 10.1002/uog.7636. PubMed PMID: 20455203.

Prospective external validation of the 'ovarian crescent sign' as a single ultrasound parameter to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal pathology. Van Holsbeke C, Van Belle V, Leone FP, Guerriero S, Paladini D, Melis GB, Greggi S, Fischerova D, De Jonge E, Neven P, Bourne T, Valentin L, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jul;36(1):81-7. doi: 10.1002/uog.7625. PubMed PMID: 20217895.

Acoustic streaming cannot discriminate reliably between endometriomas and other types of adnexal lesion: a multicenter study of 633 adnexal masses. Van Holsbeke C, Zhang J, Van Belle V, Paladini D, Guerriero S, Czekierdowski A, Muggah H, Ombelet W, Jurkovic D, Testa AC, Valentin L, Van Huffel S, Bourne T, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Mar;35(3):349-53. doi: 10.1002/uog.7537. PubMed PMID: 20069680.

Evaluation of imputation methods in ovarian tumor diagnostic models using generalized linear models and support vector machines. Dimou I, Van Calster B, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D, Zervakis M. Med Decis Making. 2010 Jan-Feb;30(1):123-31. doi: 10.1177/0272989X09340579. Epub 2009 Jul 15. PubMed PMID: 19605886.

Confidence of expert ultrasound operators in making a diagnosis of adnexal tumor: effect on diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement. Yazbek J, Ameye L, Testa AC, Valentin L, Timmerman D, Holland TK, Van Holsbeke C, Jurkovic D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jan;35(1):89-93. doi: 10.1002/uog.7335.

Use of ultrasound pattern recognition by expert operators to identify borderline ovarian tumors: a study of diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement. Yazbek J, Ameye L, Timmerman D, Testa AC, Valentin L, Holland TK, Van Holsbeke C, Jurkovic D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jan;35(1):84-8. doi: 10.1002/uog.7334.

Intravenous contrast ultrasound examination using contrast-tuned imaging (CnTI) and the contrast medium SonoVue for discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses with solid components. Testa AC, Timmerman D, Van Belle V, Fruscella E, Van Holsbeke C, Savelli L, Ferrazzi E, Leone FP, Marret H, Tranquart F, Exacoustos C, Nazzaro G, Bokor D, Magri F, Van Huffel S, Ferrandina G, Valentin L.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Dec;34(6):699-710. doi: 10.1002/uog.7464. PubMed PMID: 19924735.

Ultrasound methods to distinguish between malignant and benign adnexal masses in the hands of examiners with different levels of experience.Van Holsbeke C, Daemen A, Yazbek J, Holland TK, Bourne T, Mesens T, Lannoo L, De Moor B, De Jonge E, Testa AC, Valentin L, Jurkovic D, Timmerman D.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Oct;34(4):454-61. doi: 10.1002/uog.6443. PubMed PMID: 19736644.

Adding a single CA 125 measurement to ultrasound imaging performed by an experienced examiner does not improve preoperative discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses. Valentin L, Jurkovic D, Van Calster B, Testa A, Van Holsbeke C, Bourne T, Vergote I, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Sep;34(3):345-54. doi: 10.1002/uog.6415. PubMed PMID: 19585547.

Prospective internal validation of mathematical models to predict malignancy in adnexal masses: results from the international ovarian tumor analysis study. Van Holsbeke C, Van Calster B, Testa AC, Domali E, Lu C, Van Huffel S, Valentin L, Timmerman D. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 15;15(2):684-91. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0113. PubMed PMID: 19147775.

A scoring system to differentiate malignant from benign masses in specific ultrasound-based subgroups of adnexal tumors. Ameye L, Valentin L, Testa AC, Van Holsbeke C, Domali E, Van Huffel S, Vergote I, Bourne T, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Jan;33(1):92-101. doi: 10.1002/uog.6273. PubMed PMID: 19090501.

Application of proteomics in ovarian cancer: which sample should be used? Cadron I, Van Gorp T, Timmerman D, Amant F, Waelkens E, Vergote I. Gynecol Oncol. 2009 Dec;115(3):497-503. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.09.005. Epub 2009 Oct 6. Review.

Diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound examination for assigning a specific diagnosis to adnexal masses. Sokalska A, Timmerman D, Testa AC, Van Holsbeke C, Lissoni AA, Leone FP, Jurkovic D, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Oct;34(4):462-70. doi: 10.1002/uog.6444.

Dynamic and interactive gynecological ultrasound examination. Testa AC, Van Holsbeke C, Mascilini F, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Aug;34(2):225-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.7309.

Imaging in gynecological disease (5): clinical and ultrasound characteristics in fibroma and fibrothecoma of the ovary. Paladini D, Testa A, Van Holsbeke C, Mancari R, Timmerman D, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Aug;34(2):188-95. doi: 10.1002/uog.6394.

Screening for ovarian carcinoma: not quite there yet. Vergote I, Amant F, Ameye L, Timmerman D. Lancet Oncol. 2009 Apr;10(4):308-9. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70072-5.

Real-time ultrasound vs. evaluation of static images in the preoperative assessment of adnexal masses. Van Holsbeke C, Yazbek J, Holland TK, Daemen A, De Moor B, Testa AC, Valentin L, Jurkovic D, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Nov;32(6):828-31. doi: 10.1002/uog.6214. PubMed PMID: 18925606.

Simple ultrasound-based rules for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Timmerman D, Testa AC, Bourne T, Ameye L, Jurkovic D, Van Holsbeke C, Paladini D, Van Calster B, Vergote I, Van Huffel S, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Jun;31(6):681-90. doi: 10.1002/uog.5365. PubMed PMID: 18504770.

Expression profiling to predict the clinical behaviour of ovarian cancer fails independent evaluation . Gevaert O, De Smet F, Van Gorp T, Pochet N, Engelen K, Amant F, De Moor B, Timmerman D, Vergote I. BMC Cancer. 2008 Jan 22;8:18. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-18. PubMed PMID: 18211668; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2259320.

Imaging of gynecological disease (4): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of struma ovarii. Savelli L, Testa AC, Timmerman D, Paladini D, Ljungberg O, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Aug;32(2):210-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.5396.

Imaging of gynecological disease (3): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. Van Holsbeke C, Domali E, Holland TK, Achten R, Testa AC, Valentin L, Jurkovic D, Moerman P, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Apr;31(4):450-6. doi: 10.1002/uog.5279.

Imaging of gynecological disease (2): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of Sertoli cell tumors, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors and Leydig cell tumors. Demidov VN, Lipatenkova J, Vikhareva O, Van Holsbeke C, Timmerman D, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Jan;31(1):85-91.

A new method for modeling preoperative diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Stalbovskaya V, Ifeachor EC, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2007 Nov;54(11):2064-72. PubMed PMID: 18018702.

Preoperative prediction of malignancy of ovarian tumours using modified sequential non-uniform procedure. Stalbovskaya V, Ifeachor EC, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2007;2007:5403-6. PubMed PMID: 18003230.

Discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses by specialist ultrasound examination versus serum CA-125. Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Bourne T, Testa AC, Van Holsbeke C, Domali E, Jurkovic D, Neven P, Van Huffel S, Valentin L. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Nov 21;99(22):1706-14. Epub 2007 Nov 13. PubMed PMID: 18000221.

Inclusion of CA-125 does not improve mathematical models developed to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal tumors. Timmerman D, Van Calster B, Jurkovic D, Valentin L, Testa AC, Bernard JP, Van Holsbeke C, Van Huffel S, Vergote I, Bourne T. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Sep 20;25(27):4194-200. Epub 2007 Aug 13. PubMed PMID: 17698805.

External validation of mathematical models to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal tumors: a multicenter study by the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Group. Van Holsbeke C, Van Calster B, Valentin L, Testa AC, Ferrazzi E, Dimou I, Lu C, Moerman P, Van Huffel S, Vergote I, Timmerman D.Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Aug 1;13(15 Pt 1):4440-7. PubMed PMID: 17671128.

The Bayesian approach: a natural framework for statistical modeling. Van Holsbeke C, Van Calster B, Valentin L, Testa AC, Ferrazzi E, Dimou I, Lu C, Moerman P, Van Huffel S, Vergote I, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 May;29(5):485-8. PubMed PMID: 17444562.

Preoperative diagnosis of ovarian tumors using Bayesian kernel-based methods. Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Lu C, Suykens JA, Valentin L, Van Holsbeke C, Amant F, Vergote I, Van Huffel S. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 May;29(5):496-504. PubMed PMID: 1744455

Imaging in gynecological disease (1): ultrasound features of metastases in the ovaries differ depending on the origin of the primary tumor. Testa AC, Ferrandina G, Timmerman D, Savelli L, Ludovisi M, Van Holsbeke C, Malaggese M, Scambia G, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 May;29(5):505-11.

Imaging in gynecological disease. Timmerman D, Valentin L. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 May;29(5):483-4. Review.

The role of CnTI-SonoVue in the diagnosis of ovarian masses with papillary projections: a preliminary study. Testa AC, Timmerman D, Exacoustos C, Fruscella E, Van Holsbeke C, Bokor D, Arduini D, Scambia G, Ferrandina G. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 May;29(5):512-6

External validation of mathematical models to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal tumors: a multicenter study by the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Group. Van Holsbeke C, Van Calster B, Valentin L, Testa AC, Ferrazzi E, Dimou I, Lu C, Moerman P, Van Huffel S, Vergote I, Timmerman D Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Aug 1;13(15 Pt 1):4440-7. PubMed PMID: 17671128.

The Bayesian approach: a natural framework for statistical modeling. Van Calster B, Nabney I, Timmerman D, Van Huffel S. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 May;29(5):485-8. PubMed PMID: 17444562.

Which extrauterine pelvic masses are difficult to correctly classify as benign or malignant on the basis of ultrasound findings and is there a way of making a correct diagnosis? Valentin L, Ameye L, Jurkovic D, Metzger U, Lécuru F, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Apr;27(4):438-44. PubMed PMID: 16526098.

Classifying ovarian tumors using Bayesian Multi-Layer Perceptrons and Automatic Relevance Determination: a multi-center study. Van Calster B, Timmerman D, Nabney IT, Valentin L, Van Holsbeke C, Van Huffel S. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;1:5342-5. PubMed PMID: 17945894.

Ultrasound characteristics of different types of adnexal malignancies. Valentin L, Ameye L, Testa A, Lécuru F, Bernard JP, Paladini D, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Gynecol Oncol. 2006 Jul;102(1):41-8. Epub 2005 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 16386783.

Logistic regression model to distinguish between the benign and malignant adnexal mass before surgery: a multicenter study by the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Group. Timmerman D, Testa AC, Bourne T, Ferrazzi E, Ameye L, Konstantinovic ML, Van Calster B, Collins WP, Vergote I, Van Huffel S, Valentin L J Clin Oncol. 2005 Dec 1;23(34):8794-801. PubMed PMID: 16314639.

Ultrasound features of different histopathological subtypes of borderline ovarian tumors. Fruscella E, Testa AC, Ferrandina G, De Smet F, Van Holsbeke C, Scambia G, Zannoni GF, Ludovisi M, Achten R, Amant F, Vergote I, Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Nov;26(6):644-50.

The use of contrasted transvaginal sonography in the diagnosis of gynecologic diseases: a preliminary study. Testa AC, Ferrandina G, Fruscella E, Van Holsbeke C, Ferrazzi E, Leone FP, Arduini D, Exacoustos C, Bokor D, Scambia G, Timmerman D. J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Sep;24(9):1267-78.

The use of mathematical models to evaluate pelvic masses; can they beat an expert operator? Timmerman D. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004 Feb;18(1):91-104. Review.

Bayesian applications of belief networks and multilayer perceptrons for ovarian tumor classification with rejection. Antal P, Fannes G, Timmerman D, Moreau Y, De Moor B. Artif Intell Med. 2003 Sep-Oct;29(1-2):39-60. PubMed PMID: 12957780.

Preoperative prediction of malignancy of ovarian tumors using least squares support vector machines. Lu C, Van Gestel T, Suykens JA, Van Huffel S, Vergote I, Timmerman D Artif Intell Med. 2003 Jul;28(3):281-306. PubMed PMID: 12927337.

Distinguishing the benign and malignant adnexal mass: an external validation of prognostic models. Timmerman D, Verrelst H, Collins WP, Bourne TH, Vergote I. Gynecol Oncol. 2001 Oct;83(1):166-8.

Prognostic importance of degree of differentiation and cyst rupture in stage I invasive epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Vergote I, De Brabanter J, Fyles A, Bertelsen K, Einhorn N, Sevelda P, Gore ME, Kaern J, Verrelst H, Sjövall K, Timmerman D, Vandewalle J, Van Gramberen M, Tropé CG. Lancet. 2001 Jan 20;357(9251):176-82.

Terms, definitions and measurements to describe the sonographic features of adnexal tumors: a consensus opinion from the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) Group. Timmerman D, Valentin L, Bourne TH, Collins WP, Verrelst H, Vergote I; International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) Group. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Oct;16(5):500-5. Review.

Lack of standardization in gynecological ultrasonography . Timmerman D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Oct;16(5):395-8.

A comparison of methods for preoperative discrimination between malignant and benign adnexal masses: the development of a new logistic regression model. Timmerman D, Bourne TH, Tailor A, Collins WP, Verrelst H, Vandenberghe K, Vergote I. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Jul;181(1):57-65.

Artificial neural network models for the preoperative discrimination between malignant and benign adnexal masses . Timmerman D, Verrelst H, Bourne TH, De Moor B, Collins WP, Vergote I, Vandewalle J. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Jan;13(1):17-25. PubMed PMID: 10201082.

Subjective assessment of adnexal masses with the use of ultrasonography: an analysis of interobserver variability and experience. Timmerman D, Schwärzler P, Collins WP, Claerhout F, Coenen M, Amant F, Vergote I, Bourne TH. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Jan;13(1):11-6.